PowerMapper
PowerMapper
fieldset containing links
Screen reader compatibility
HTML WCAG
Dec 12, 2023
Expected Result: works in a screen reader
Actual Result: causes problems in 28 screen reader / browser combinations
WCAG Technique: H91
Code used for this test:
<fieldset>
<legend>Legend for enclosed links</legend>
<a href='/'>Home</a>
<a href='/about'>About</a>
<a href='/contact'>Contact</a>
</fieldset>
Reliability Trend
This graph shows reliability over time for this code in NVDA, JAWS and Voiceover. Other screen readers don't have enough historical data yet to plot trends.
Change History
Last updated: December 12, 2023
- NVDA with Chrome
Stable - OK from
NVDA 2018.4 to NVDA 2023.3
- NVDA with IE
Causes problems in
NVDA 2019.2
NVDA with FF
Better - caused problems in
NVDA 2017.3,
but now OK in NVDA 2023.3- JAWS with Chrome
Stable - OK from
JAWS 2018.1811.2 to JAWS 2023.2311.34
- JAWS with IE
Causes problems in
JAWS 2019.1912.1
- JAWS with FF
Stable - OK from
JAWS 13.0.852 to JAWS 2023.2311.34
- VoiceOver macOS
Better - caused problems in
VoiceOver macOS 10.10,
but now OK in VoiceOver macOS 13.6
- VoiceOver iOS
Causes problems in
VoiceOver iOS 16.6
- WindowEyes with IE
Causes problems in
WindowEyes 9.2
- Dolphin with IE
Causes problems in
Dolphin SR 15.05
- SaToGo with IE
Causes problems in
SaToGo 3.4.96.0
| Screen reader | Browser | Mode | Notes | What the user hears |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NVDA 2023.3 | Chrome 120 | Reading | Grouping, legend for enclosed links. Link home, link about, link contact. Out of grouping. | |
| NVDA 2023.3 | Chrome 120 | Tabbing | Legend for enclosed links, grouping, home link. About link. Contact link. | |
| NVDA 2023.3 | FF 115 | Reading | Legend for enclosed links grouping, legend for enclosed links. Link home, link about, link contact. Out of grouping. | |
| NVDA 2023.3 | FF 115 | Tabbing | Legend for enclosed links, grouping, home link. About link. Contact link. | |
| NVDA 2023.3 | Edge 120 | Reading | Grouping, legend for enclosed links. Link home, link about, link contact. Out of grouping. | |
| NVDA 2023.3 | Edge 120 | Tabbing | Legend for enclosed links, grouping, home link. About link. Contact link. | |
| NVDA 2022.2 | Chrome 105 | Reading | Grouping, legend for enclosed links. Link home, link about, link contact. Out of grouping. | |
| NVDA 2022.2 | Chrome 105 | Tabbing | Legend for enclosed links, grouping, home link. About link. Contact link. | |
| NVDA 2022.2 | FF 102 | Reading | Grouping, legend for enclosed links. Link home, link about, link contact. Out of grouping. | |
| NVDA 2022.2 | FF 102 | Tabbing | Legend for enclosed links, grouping, home link. About link. Contact link. | |
| NVDA 2022.2 | Edge 105 | Reading | Grouping, legend for enclosed links. Link home, link about, link contact. Out of grouping. | |
| NVDA 2022.2 | Edge 105 | Tabbing | Legend for enclosed links, grouping, home link. About link. Contact link. | |
| NVDA 2021.2 | Chrome 94 | Reading | Grouping, legend for enclosed links. Link home, link about, link contact. Out of grouping. | |
| NVDA 2021.2 | Chrome 94 | Tabbing | Legend for enclosed links, grouping, home link. About link. Contact link. | |
| NVDA 2021.2 | FF 91 | Reading | Grouping, legend for enclosed links. Link home, link about, link contact. Out of grouping. | |
| NVDA 2021.2 | FF 91 | Tabbing | Legend for enclosed links, grouping, home link. About link. Contact link. | |
| NVDA 2021.2 | Edge 94 | Reading | Grouping, legend for enclosed links. Link home, link about, link contact. Out of grouping. | |
| NVDA 2021.2 | Edge 94 | Tabbing | Legend for enclosed links, grouping, home link. About link. Contact link. | |
| NVDA 2020.2 | Chrome 86 | Reading | Grouping, legend for enclosed links. Link home, link about, link contact. Out of grouping. | |
| NVDA 2020.2 | Chrome 86 | Tabbing | Legend for enclosed links, grouping, home link. About link. Contact link. | |
| NVDA 2020.2 | FF 78 | Reading | Grouping, legend for enclosed links. Link home, link about, link contact. Out of grouping. | |
| NVDA 2020.2 | FF 78 | Tabbing | Legend for enclosed links, grouping, home link. About link. Contact link. | |
| NVDA 2020.2 | Edge 92 | Reading | Grouping, legend for enclosed links. Link home, link about, link contact. Out of grouping. | |
| NVDA 2020.2 | Edge 92 | Tabbing | Legend for enclosed links, grouping, home link. About link. Contact link. | |
| NVDA 2019.2 | Chrome 79 | Reading | Legend for enclosed links. Link home, link about, link contact. | |
| NVDA 2019.2 | Chrome 79 | Tabbing | Legend for enclosed links, grouping, home link. About link. Contact link. | |
| NVDA 2019.2 | FF 68 | Reading | Legend for enclosed links. Link home, link about, link contact. | |
| NVDA 2019.2 | FF 68 | Tabbing | Legend for enclosed links, grouping, home link. About link. Contact link. | |
| NVDA 2019.2 | IE11 | Reading | Legend for enclosed links, link home, link about, link contact. | |
| NVDA 2019.2 | IE11 | Tabbing | Legend not read when tabbing forward, but is read when shift-tabbing backwards. | Home link. About link. Contact link. |
| NVDA 2018.4 | Chrome 73 | Reading | Legend for enclosed links. Link home, link about, link contact. | |
| NVDA 2018.4 | Chrome 73 | Tabbing | Legend for enclosed links, grouping, home link. About link. Contact link. | |
| NVDA 2018.4 | FF 60 | Reading | Legend for enclosed links. Link home, link about, link contact. | |
| NVDA 2018.4 | FF 60 | Tabbing | Legend for enclosed links, grouping, home link. About link. Contact link. | |
| NVDA 2018.4 | IE11 | Reading | Legend for enclosed links, link home, link about, link contact. | |
| NVDA 2018.4 | IE11 | Tabbing | Legend not read when tabbing forward, but is read when shift-tabbing backwards. | Home link. About link. Contact link. |
| NVDA 2017.3 | FF 60 | Reading | Legend for enclosed links. Link home, link about, link contact. | |
| NVDA 2017.3 | FF 60 | Tabbing | Legend not read when tabbing forward, but is read when shift-tabbing backwards. | Home link. About link. Contact link. |
| NVDA 2017.3 | IE11 | Reading | Legend for enclosed links, link home, link about, link contact. | |
| NVDA 2017.3 | IE11 | Tabbing | Legend not read when tabbing forward, but is read when shift-tabbing backwards. | Home link. About link. Contact link. |
| NVDA 2016.2 | FF 48 | Reading | Legend for enclosed links. Link home, link about, link contact. | |
| NVDA 2016.2 | FF 48 | Tabbing | Legend not read when tabbing forward, but is read when shift-tabbing backwards. | Home link. About link. Contact link. |
| NVDA 2016.2 | IE11 | Reading | Legend for enclosed links, link home, link about, link contact. | |
| NVDA 2016.2 | IE11 | Tabbing | Legend not read when tabbing forward, but is read when shift-tabbing backwards. | Home link. About link. Contact link. |
| NVDA 2015.2 | FF 40 | Reading | Legend for enclosed links. Link home, link about, link contact. | |
| NVDA 2015.2 | FF 40 | Tabbing | Legend not read when tabbing forward, but is read when shift-tabbing backwards. | Home link. About link. Contact link. |
| NVDA 2015.2 | IE11 | Reading | Legend for enclosed links, link home, link about, link contact. | |
| NVDA 2015.2 | IE11 | Tabbing | Legend not read when tabbing forward, but is read when shift-tabbing backwards. | Home link. About link. Contact link. |
| NVDA 2014.1 | FF 28 | Reading | Legend for enclosed links. Link home. Link about. Link contact. | |
| NVDA 2014.1 | FF 28 | Tabbing | Nice way of grouping related links. | Legend for enclosed links, grouping. Home link. About link. Contact link. |
| NVDA 2014.1 | IE11 | Reading | Legend for enclosed links. Link home. Link about. Link contact. | |
| NVDA 2014.1 | IE11 | Tabbing | Nice way of grouping related links. | Legend for enclosed links, grouping. Home link. About link. Contact link. |
| JAWS 2023.2311.34 | Chrome 120 | Reading | Group start, legend for enclosed links. Link home. Link about. Link contact. Group end, legend for enclosed links. | |
| JAWS 2023.2311.34 | Chrome 120 | Tabbing | Legend for enclosed links group, home link. About link. Contact link. | |
| JAWS 2023.2311.34 | FF 115 | Reading | Group start, legend for enclosed links. Legend for enclosed links. Link home. Link about. Link contact. Group end, legend for enclosed links. | |
| JAWS 2023.2311.34 | FF 115 | Tabbing | Legend for enclosed links group, home link. About link. Contact link. | |
| JAWS 2023.2311.34 | Edge 120 | Reading | Group start, legend for enclosed links. Link home. Link about. Link contact. Group end, legend for enclosed links. | |
| JAWS 2023.2311.34 | Edge 120 | Tabbing | Legend for enclosed links group, home link. About link. Contact link. | |
| JAWS 2022.2207.25 | Chrome 105 | Reading | Group start, legend for enclosed links. Link home. Link about. Link contact. Group end. | |
| JAWS 2022.2207.25 | Chrome 105 | Tabbing | Legend for enclosed links group, home link. About link. Contact link. | |
| JAWS 2022.2207.25 | FF 102 | Reading | Group start, legend for enclosed links. Legend for enclosed links. Link home. Link about. Link contact. Group end. | |
| JAWS 2022.2207.25 | FF 102 | Tabbing | Legend for enclosed links, home link. About link. Contact link. | |
| JAWS 2022.2207.25 | Edge 105 | Reading | Group start, legend for enclosed links. Link home. Link about. Link contact. Group end. | |
| JAWS 2022.2207.25 | Edge 105 | Tabbing | Legend for enclosed links group, home link. About link. Contact link. | |
| JAWS 2021.2107.12 | Chrome 94 | Reading | Group start, legend for enclosed links. Link home. Link about. Link contact. Group end. | |
| JAWS 2021.2107.12 | Chrome 94 | Tabbing | Legend for enclosed links group, home link. About link. Contact link. | |
| JAWS 2021.2107.12 | FF 91 | Reading | Group start, legend for enclosed links. Link home. Link about. Link contact. Group end. | |
| JAWS 2021.2107.12 | FF 91 | Tabbing | Legend for enclosed links, home link. About link. Contact link. | |
| JAWS 2021.2107.12 | Edge 94 | Reading | Group start, legend for enclosed links. Link home. Link about. Link contact. Group end. | |
| JAWS 2021.2107.12 | Edge 94 | Tabbing | Legend for enclosed links group, home link. About link. Contact link. | |
| JAWS 2020.2008.24 | Chrome 86 | Reading | Group start, legend for enclosed links. Link home. Link about. Link contact. Group end. | |
| JAWS 2020.2008.24 | Chrome 86 | Tabbing | Legend for enclosed links group, home link. About link. Contact link. | |
| JAWS 2020.2008.24 | FF 78 | Reading | Group start, legend for enclosed links. Link home. Link about. Link contact. Group end. | |
| JAWS 2020.2008.24 | FF 78 | Tabbing | Legend for enclosed links group, home link. About link. Contact link. | |
| JAWS 2020.2008.24 | Edge 92 | Reading | Group start, legend for enclosed links. Link home. Link about. Link contact. Group end. | |
| JAWS 2020.2008.24 | Edge 92 | Tabbing | Legend for enclosed links group, home link. About link. Contact link. | |
| JAWS 2019.1912.1 | Chrome 79 | Reading | Group start, legend for enclosed links. Link home. Link about. Link contact. Group end. | |
| JAWS 2019.1912.1 | Chrome 79 | Tabbing | Legend for enclosed links, home link. About link. Contact link. | |
| JAWS 2019.1912.1 | FF 68 | Reading | Group start, legend for enclosed links. Link home. Link about. Link contact. Group end. | |
| JAWS 2019.1912.1 | FF 68 | Tabbing | Legend for enclosed links, home link. About link. Contact link. | |
| JAWS 2019.1912.1 | IE11 | Reading | Group start, legend for enclosed links. Link home. Link about. Link contact. Group end. | |
| JAWS 2019.1912.1 | IE11 | Tabbing | Legend not read | Home, link. About, link. Contact, link. |
| JAWS 2018.1811.2 | Chrome 73 | Reading | Group start, legend for enclosed links. Link home. Link about. Link contact. Group end. | |
| JAWS 2018.1811.2 | Chrome 73 | Tabbing | Tab, legend for enclosed links, home link. Tab, about link. Tab, contact link. | |
| JAWS 2018.1811.2 | FF 60 | Reading | Group start, legend for enclosed links. Link home. Link about. Link contact. Group end. | |
| JAWS 2018.1811.2 | FF 60 | Tabbing | Tab, legend for enclosed links, home link. Tab, about link. Tab, contact link. | |
| JAWS 2018.1811.2 | IE11 | Reading | Group start, legend for enclosed links. Link home. Link about. Link contact. Group end. | |
| JAWS 2018.1811.2 | IE11 | Tabbing | Legend not read | Tab, home, link. Tab, about, link. Tab, contact, link. |
| JAWS 18.0.5038 | FF 52 | Reading | Legend for enclosed links. Link home. Link about. Link contact. | |
| JAWS 18.0.5038 | FF 52 | Tabbing | Tab, legend for enclosed links, home link. Tab, about link. Tab, contact link. | |
| JAWS 18.0.5038 | IE11 | Reading | Legend for enclosed links. Link home. Link about. Link contact. | |
| JAWS 18.0.5038 | IE11 | Tabbing | Legend not read | Tab, home, link. Tab, about, link. Tab, contact, link. |
| JAWS 17.0.2619 | FF 48 | Reading | Legend for enclosed links. Link home. Link about. Link contact. | |
| JAWS 17.0.2619 | FF 48 | Tabbing | Legend for enclosed links, home, link. About, link. Contact, link. | |
| JAWS 17.0.2619 | IE11 | Reading | Legend for enclosed links. Link home. Link about. Link contact. | |
| JAWS 17.0.2619 | IE11 | Tabbing | Legend not read | Home, link. About, link. Contact, link. |
| JAWS 16.0.4350 | FF 40 | Reading | Legend for enclosed links. Link home. Link about. Link contact. | |
| JAWS 16.0.4350 | FF 40 | Tabbing | Legend for enclosed links, home, link. About, link. Contact, link. | |
| JAWS 16.0.4350 | IE11 | Reading | Legend for enclosed links. Link home. Link about. Link contact. | |
| JAWS 16.0.4350 | IE11 | Tabbing | Legend not read | Home, link. About, link. Contact, link. |
| JAWS 15.0.9023 | FF 29 | Reading | Legend for enclosed links. Link home. Link about. Link contact. | |
| JAWS 15.0.9023 | FF 29 | Tabbing | Legend for enclosed links, home, link. About, link. Contact, link. | |
| JAWS 15.0.9023 | IE11 | Reading | Legend for enclosed links. Link home. Link about. Link contact. | |
| JAWS 15.0.9023 | IE11 | Tabbing | Legend not read | Home, link. About, link. Contact, link. |
| JAWS 14.0.9002 | FF 29 | Reading | Legend for enclosed links. Link home. Link about. Link contact. | |
| JAWS 14.0.9002 | FF 29 | Tabbing | Legend for enclosed links, home, link. About, link. Contact, link. | |
| JAWS 14.0.9002 | IE11 | Reading | Legend for enclosed links. Link home. Link about. Link contact. | |
| JAWS 14.0.9002 | IE11 | Tabbing | Legend not read | Home, link. About, link. Contact, link. |
| JAWS 13.0.852 | FF 29 | Reading | Legend for enclosed links. Link home. Link about. Link contact. | |
| JAWS 13.0.852 | FF 29 | Tabbing | Legend for enclosed links, home, link. About, link. Contact, link. | |
| JAWS 13.0.852 | IE11 | Reading | Legend for enclosed links. Link home. Link about. Link contact. | |
| JAWS 13.0.852 | IE11 | Tabbing | Legend not read | Home, link. About, link. Contact, link. |
| WindowEyes 9.2 | IE11 | Reading | Legend for enclosed links. Link home. Link about. Link contact. | |
| WindowEyes 9.2 | IE11 | Tabbing | Legend not read | Link home. Link about. Link contact. |
| WindowEyes 8.4 | IE11 | Reading | Legend not read | Link home. Link about. Link contact. |
| WindowEyes 8.4 | IE11 | Tabbing | Legend read out for every link. | Link, legend for enclosed links, home. Link, legend for enclosed links, about. Link, legend for enclosed links, contact. |
| VoiceOver macOS 13.6 | Safari 16.6 | Reading | Legend for enclosed links, group. Legend for enclosed links. Link, home. Link, about. Link, contact. End of, legend for enclosed links, group. | |
| VoiceOver macOS 13.6 | Safari 16.6 | Tabbing | Legend read out for every link. | Link home, legend for enclosed links, legend for enclosed links, group. Link about, legend for enclosed links. Link contact, legend for enclosed links. |
| VoiceOver macOS 12.5 | Safari 15.6 | Reading | Legend for enclosed links, group. Legend for enclosed links. Link, home. Link, about. Link, contact. End of, legend for enclosed links, group. | |
| VoiceOver macOS 12.5 | Safari 15.6 | Tabbing | Legend read out for every link. | Link home, legend for enclosed links, legend for enclosed links, group. Link about, legend for enclosed links. Link contact, legend for enclosed links. |
| VoiceOver macOS 11.5 | Safari 15.0 | Reading | Legend for enclosed links, group. Legend for enclosed links. Link, home. Link, about. Link, contact. End of, legend for enclosed links, group. | |
| VoiceOver macOS 11.5 | Safari 15.0 | Tabbing | Legend read out for every link. | Link home, legend for enclosed links, legend for enclosed links, group. Link about, legend for enclosed links. Link contact, legend for enclosed links. |
| VoiceOver macOS 10.15 | Safari 14.1 | Reading | Legend for enclosed links, group. Legend for enclosed links. Link, home. Link, about. Link, contact. End of, legend for enclosed links, group. | |
| VoiceOver macOS 10.15 | Safari 14.1 | Tabbing | Legend read out for every link. | Link home, legend for enclosed links, legend for enclosed links, group. Link about, legend for enclosed links. Link contact, legend for enclosed links. |
| VoiceOver macOS 10.14 | Safari 13.0 | Reading | Legend for enclosed links, group. Legend for enclosed links. Link, home. Link, about. Link, contact. End of, legend for enclosed links, group. | |
| VoiceOver macOS 10.14 | Safari 13.0 | Tabbing | Legend read out for every link. | Link home, legend for enclosed links, legend for enclosed links, group. Link about, legend for enclosed links. Link contact, legend for enclosed links. |
| VoiceOver macOS 10.13 | Safari 12.1 | Reading | Legend for enclosed links, group. Legend for enclosed links. Link, home. Link, about. Link, contact. End of, legend for enclosed links, group. | |
| VoiceOver macOS 10.13 | Safari 12.1 | Tabbing | Legend read out for every link. | Link home, legend for enclosed links, legend for enclosed links, group. Link about, legend for enclosed links. Link contact, legend for enclosed links. |
| VoiceOver macOS 10.12 | Safari 10.1.2 | Reading | Legend for enclosed links, group, with 2 items. 2 items in legend for enclosed links, group, with 2 items, 4 items, legend for enclosed links. Link, home. Link, about. Link, contact. | |
| VoiceOver macOS 10.12 | Safari 10.1.2 | Tabbing | Legend read out for every link. | Link home, legend for enclosed links. Link about, legend for enclosed links. Link contact, legend for enclosed links. |
| VoiceOver macOS 10.11 | Safari 9.1.2 | Reading | Legend for enclosed links, with 2 items, group. 2 items interact with legend for enclosed links, with 2 items, group 4 items, legend for enclosed links. Link, home. Link, about. Link, contact. | |
| VoiceOver macOS 10.11 | Safari 9.1.2 | Tabbing | Link home, legend for enclosed links. Link about. Link contact. | |
| VoiceOver macOS 10.10 | Safari 8.0.6 | Reading | Legend for enclosed links, group. Interact with legend for enclosed links, group, 3 items, link, home. Link, about. Link, contact. | |
| VoiceOver macOS 10.10 | Safari 8.0.6 | Tabbing | Legend not read | Link home. Link about. Link contact. |
| VoiceOver macOS 10.9 | Safari 7.0.3 | Reading | Legend read out for every link. | Link, home, legend for enclosed links. Link, about, legend for enclosed links. Link, contact, legend for enclosed links. |
| VoiceOver macOS 10.9 | Safari 7.0.3 | Tabbing | Legend read out for every link. | Link, home, legend for enclosed links. Link, about, legend for enclosed links. Link, contact, legend for enclosed links. |
| VoiceOver iOS 16.6 | Safari iOS 16.6 | Touch | The fieldset is announced as a form, but contains no form controls. | Legend for enclosed links, form start. Home, link. About, link. Contact, link end, legend for enclosed links, form end. |
| VoiceOver iOS 15.6 | Safari iOS 15.6 | Touch | The fieldset is announced as a form, but contains no form controls. | Legend for enclosed links, form start. Home, link. About, link. Contact, link end, legend for enclosed links, form end. |
| VoiceOver iOS 14.7 | Safari iOS 14.7 | Touch | The fieldset is announced as a form, but contains no form controls. | Legend for enclosed links, form start. Home, link. About, link. Contact, link end, legend for enclosed links, form end. |
| VoiceOver iOS 13.3 | Safari iOS 13.3 | Touch | The fieldset is announced as a form, but contains no form controls. | Legend for enclosed links, form start. Home, link. About, link. Contact, link end, legend for enclosed links, form end. |
| VoiceOver iOS 12.4 | Safari iOS 12.4 | Touch | The fieldset is announced as a form, but contains no form controls. | Legend for enclosed links, form start. Home, link. About, link. Contact, link end, legend for enclosed links, form end. |
| VoiceOver iOS 11.4 | Safari iOS 11.4 | Touch | The fieldset is announced as a form, but contains no form controls. | Legend for enclosed links, form start. Home, link. About, link. Contact, link. End, legend for enclosed links. End form. |
| VoiceOver iOS 10.3 | Safari iOS 10.3 | Touch | Legend for enclosed links. Home, link. About, link. Contact, link. | |
| VoiceOver iOS 9.1 | Safari iOS 9.1 | Touch | Legend for enclosed links. Home, link. About, link. Contact, link. | |
| VoiceOver iOS 8.4 | Safari iOS 8.4 | Touch | Legend not read | Home, link. About, link. Contact, link. |
| VoiceOver iOS 7.1 | Safari iOS 7.1 | Touch | Legend for enclosed links. Home, link. About, link. Contact, link. | |
| Dolphin SR 15.05 | IE11 | Reading | Legend for enclosed links. Home, link. About, link. Contact, link. | |
| Dolphin SR 15.05 | IE11 | Tabbing | Legend not read | Home, link. About, link. Contact, link. |
| SaToGo 3.4.96.0 | IE11 | Reading | Legend for enclosed links. Link Home. Link About. Link Contact. | |
| SaToGo 3.4.96.0 | IE11 | Tabbing | Legend not read | Home, link. About, link. Contact, link. |
Test notes
All tests were carried out with screen reader factory settings. JAWS in particular has a wide variety of settings controlling exactly what gets spoken.
Screen readers allow users to interact in different modes, and can produce very different results in each mode. The modes used in these tests are:
- Reading Content read using the “read next” command in a screen reader
- Tabbing Content read using the “tab” key in a screen reader
- Heading Content read using the “next heading” key in a screen reader
- Touch Content read when touching an area of screen on a mobile device
In the “What the user hears” column:
- Commas represent short pauses in screen reader voicing
- Full Stops represent places where voicing stops, and the “read next” or “tab” or “next heading” command is pressed again
- Ellipsis … represent a long pause in voicing
- (Brackets) represent voicing that requires a keystroke to hear