audio
with aria-labelledby
attribute
Screen reader compatibility
Expected Result: works in a screen reader
Actual Result: causes problems in 73 screen reader / browser combinations
Note: The ARIA Text Alternative Computation allows objects to be labelled by items hidden by CSS
WCAG Technique: ARIA10: Using aria-labelledby to provide a text alternative for non-text content
Code used for this test:
<audio aria-labelledby='audio-aria-labelledby-id'>
<source type='audio/mp3' src='harpsicord.mp3'></source>
</audio>
<p id='audio-aria-labelledby-id' style='display:none'>This is ARIA-LABELLEDBY text</p>
Reliability Trend
This graph shows reliability over time for this code in NVDA, JAWS and Voiceover. Other screen readers don't have enough historical data yet to plot trends.
Change History
Last updated: December 12, 2023
- NVDA with Chrome Causes problems from NVDA 2018.4 to NVDA 2023.3
- NVDA with IE Causes problems from NVDA 2015.2 to NVDA 2019.2
- NVDA with FF Causes problems from NVDA 2015.2 to NVDA 2023.3
- JAWS with Chrome Causes problems from JAWS 2018.1811.2 to JAWS 2023.2311.34
- JAWS with IE Causes problems from JAWS 14.0.9002 to JAWS 2019.1912.1
- JAWS with FF Causes problems from JAWS 14.0.9002 to JAWS 2023.2311.34
- VoiceOver macOS Causes problems from VoiceOver macOS 10.10 to VoiceOver macOS 13.6
- VoiceOver iOS Causes problems from VoiceOver iOS 8.4 to VoiceOver iOS 16.6
- WindowEyes with IE Causes problems from WindowEyes 8.4 to WindowEyes 9.2
- Dolphin with IE Causes problems in Dolphin SR 15.05
Screen reader | Browser | Mode | Notes | What the user hears |
---|---|---|---|---|
NVDA 2023.3 | Chrome 120 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
NVDA 2023.3 | FF 115 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
NVDA 2023.3 | Edge 120 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
NVDA 2022.2 | Chrome 105 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
NVDA 2022.2 | FF 102 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
NVDA 2022.2 | Edge 105 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
NVDA 2021.2 | Chrome 94 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
NVDA 2021.2 | FF 91 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
NVDA 2021.2 | Edge 94 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
NVDA 2020.2 | Chrome 86 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
NVDA 2020.2 | FF 78 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
NVDA 2020.2 | Edge 92 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
NVDA 2019.2 | Chrome 79 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
NVDA 2019.2 | FF 68 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
NVDA 2019.2 | IE11 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
NVDA 2018.4 | Chrome 73 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
NVDA 2018.4 | FF 60 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
NVDA 2018.4 | IE11 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
NVDA 2017.3 | FF 60 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
NVDA 2017.3 | IE11 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
NVDA 2016.2 | FF 48 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
NVDA 2016.2 | IE11 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
NVDA 2015.2 | FF 41 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
NVDA 2015.2 | IE11 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
JAWS 2023.2311.34 | Chrome 120 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
JAWS 2023.2311.34 | FF 115 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
JAWS 2023.2311.34 | Edge 120 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
JAWS 2022.2207.25 | Chrome 105 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
JAWS 2022.2207.25 | FF 102 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
JAWS 2022.2207.25 | Edge 105 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
JAWS 2021.2107.12 | Chrome 94 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
JAWS 2021.2107.12 | FF 91 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
JAWS 2021.2107.12 | Edge 94 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
JAWS 2020.2008.24 | Chrome 86 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
JAWS 2020.2008.24 | FF 78 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
JAWS 2020.2008.24 | Edge 92 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
JAWS 2019.1912.1 | Chrome 79 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
JAWS 2019.1912.1 | FF 68 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
JAWS 2019.1912.1 | IE11 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
JAWS 2018.1811.2 | Chrome 73 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
JAWS 2018.1811.2 | FF 60 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
JAWS 2018.1811.2 | IE11 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
JAWS 18.0.5038 | FF 52 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
JAWS 18.0.5038 | IE11 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
JAWS 17.0.2619 | FF 48 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
JAWS 17.0.2619 | IE11 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
JAWS 16.0.4350 | FF 41 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
JAWS 16.0.4350 | IE11 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
JAWS 15.0.9023 | FF 41 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
JAWS 15.0.9023 | IE11 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
JAWS 14.0.9002 | FF 41 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
JAWS 14.0.9002 | IE11 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
WindowEyes 9.2 | IE11 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
WindowEyes 8.4 | IE11 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
VoiceOver macOS 13.6 | Safari 16.6 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
VoiceOver macOS 12.5 | Safari 15.6 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
VoiceOver macOS 11.5 | Safari 15.0 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
VoiceOver macOS 10.15 | Safari 14.1 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
VoiceOver macOS 10.14 | Safari 13.0 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
VoiceOver macOS 10.13 | Safari 12.1 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
VoiceOver macOS 10.12 | Safari 10.1.2 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
VoiceOver macOS 10.11 | Safari 9.1.2 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
VoiceOver macOS 10.10 | Safari 8.0.6 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
VoiceOver iOS 16.6 | Safari iOS 16.6 | Touch | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
VoiceOver iOS 15.6 | Safari iOS 15.6 | Touch | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
VoiceOver iOS 14.7 | Safari iOS 14.7 | Touch | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
VoiceOver iOS 13.3 | Safari iOS 13.3 | Touch | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
VoiceOver iOS 12.4 | Safari iOS 12.4 | Touch | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
VoiceOver iOS 11.4 | Safari iOS 11.4 | Touch | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
VoiceOver iOS 10.3 | Safari iOS 10.3 | Touch | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
VoiceOver iOS 9.1 | Safari iOS 9.1 | Touch | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
VoiceOver iOS 8.4 | Safari iOS 8.4 | Touch | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists | |
Dolphin SR 15.05 | IE11 | Reading | Nothing voiced for audio - no indication it exists |
Test notes
All tests were carried out with screen reader factory settings. JAWS in particular has a wide variety of settings controlling exactly what gets spoken.
Screen readers allow users to interact in different modes, and can produce very different results in each mode. The modes used in these tests are:
- Reading Content read using the “read next” command in a screen reader
- Tabbing Content read using the “tab” key in a screen reader
- Heading Content read using the “next heading” key in a screen reader
- Touch Content read when touching an area of screen on a mobile device
In the “What the user hears” column:
- Commas represent short pauses in screen reader voicing
- Full Stops represent places where voicing stops, and the “read next” or “tab” or “next heading” command is pressed again
- Ellipsis … represent a long pause in voicing
- (Brackets) represent voicing that requires a keystroke to hear