fieldset with no legend Screen reader compatibility

Expected Result: causes problems in some screen readers

Actual Result: causes problems in 72 screen reader / browser combinations

For expected failures, the results show which AT combos the failures affect. Results are recorded from the user's viewpoint, so describe the user impact of authoring errors.

Code used for this test:

		<p>Close the window</p>
		<fieldset>
			<label><input name='radio_no_legend' type='radio' checked='checked'>Yes</label>
			<label><input name='radio_no_legend' type='radio'>No</label>
		</fieldset>
	

Change History

Last updated: December 12, 2023

• NVDA with Chrome Causes problems in NVDA 2023.3
• NVDA with IE Causes problems in NVDA 2019.2
• NVDA with FF Causes problems in NVDA 2023.3
• JAWS with Chrome Causes problems in JAWS 2023.2311.34
• JAWS with IE Causes problems in JAWS 2019.1912.1
• JAWS with FF Causes problems in JAWS 2023.2311.34
• VoiceOver macOS Causes problems in VoiceOver macOS 13.6
• VoiceOver iOS Better - caused problems in VoiceOver iOS 9.1, but now OK in VoiceOver iOS 16.6
• WindowEyes with IE Causes problems in WindowEyes 9.2
• Dolphin with IE Causes problems in Dolphin SR 15.05
• SaToGo with IE Causes problems in SaToGo 3.4.96.0

Screen reader	Browser	Mode	Notes	What the user hears
NVDA 2023.3	Chrome 120	Reading		Close the window. Radio button, checked, yes, radio button, not checked, no.
NVDA 2023.3	Chrome 120	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for.	Document, yes, radio button, checked, one of two.
NVDA 2023.3	FF 115	Reading		Close the window. Clickable radio button, checked, yes, clickable radio button, not checked, no.
NVDA 2023.3	FF 115	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for.	Article, yes, radio button, checked, one of two.
NVDA 2023.3	Edge 120	Reading		Close the window. Radio button, checked, yes, radio button, not checked, no.
NVDA 2023.3	Edge 120	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for.	Document, yes, radio button, checked, one of two.
NVDA 2022.2	Chrome 105	Reading		Close the window. Radio button, checked, yes, radio button, not checked, no.
NVDA 2022.2	Chrome 105	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for.	Document, yes, radio button, checked, one of two.
NVDA 2022.2	FF 102	Reading		Close the window. Clickable radio button, checked, yes, clickable radio button, not checked, no.
NVDA 2022.2	FF 102	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for.	Article, yes, radio button, checked, one of two.
NVDA 2022.2	Edge 105	Reading		Close the window. Radio button, checked, yes, radio button, not checked, no.
NVDA 2022.2	Edge 105	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for.	Document, yes, radio button, checked, one of two.
NVDA 2021.2	Chrome 94	Reading		Close the window. Radio button, checked, yes, radio button, not checked, no.
NVDA 2021.2	Chrome 94	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for.	Document, yes, radio button, checked, one of two.
NVDA 2021.2	FF 91	Reading		Close the window. Clickable radio button, checked, yes, clickable radio button, not checked, no.
NVDA 2021.2	FF 91	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for.	Article, yes, radio button, checked, one of two.
NVDA 2021.2	Edge 94	Reading		Close the window. Radio button, checked, yes, radio button, not checked, no.
NVDA 2021.2	Edge 94	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for.	Document, yes, radio button, checked, one of two.
NVDA 2020.2	Chrome 86	Reading		Close the window. Radio button, checked, yes, radio button, not checked, no.
NVDA 2020.2	Chrome 86	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for.	Article, yes, radio button, checked, one of two.
NVDA 2020.2	FF 78	Reading		Close the window. Clickable radio button, checked, yes, clickable radio button, not checked, no.
NVDA 2020.2	FF 78	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for.	Article, yes, radio button, checked, one of two.
NVDA 2020.2	Edge 92	Reading		Close the window. Radio button, checked, yes, radio button, not checked, no.
NVDA 2020.2	Edge 92	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for.	Article, yes, radio button, checked, one of two.
NVDA 2019.2	Chrome 79	Reading		Close the window. Radio button, checked, yes, radio button, not checked, no.
NVDA 2019.2	Chrome 79	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for.	Document, yes, radio button, checked, one of two.
NVDA 2019.2	FF 68	Reading		Close the window. Clickable radio button, checked, yes, clickable radio button, not checked, no.
NVDA 2019.2	FF 68	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for.	Document, yes, radio button, checked, one of two.
NVDA 2019.2	IE11	Reading		Close the window. Radio button, checked, yes, radio button, not checked, no.
NVDA 2019.2	IE11	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for.	Document, yes, radio button, checked.
NVDA 2018.4	Chrome 73	Reading		Close the window. Radio button, checked, yes, radio button, not checked, no.
NVDA 2018.4	Chrome 73	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for.	Yes, radio button, checked, one of two.
NVDA 2018.4	FF 60	Reading		Close the window. Clickable radio button, checked, yes, clickable radio button, not checked, no.
NVDA 2018.4	FF 60	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for.	Yes, radio button, checked, one of two.
NVDA 2018.4	IE11	Reading		Close the window. Radio button, checked, yes, radio button, not checked, no.
NVDA 2018.4	IE11	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for.	Yes, radio button, checked.
NVDA 2017.3	FF 60	Reading		Close the window. Clickable radio button, checked, yes, clickable radio button, not checked, no.
NVDA 2017.3	FF 60	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for.	Yes, radio button, checked, one of two.
NVDA 2017.3	IE11	Reading		Close the window. Radio button, checked, yes, radio button, not checked, no.
NVDA 2017.3	IE11	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for.	Yes, radio button, checked.
NVDA 2016.2	FF 48	Reading		Close the window. Clickable radio button, checked, yes, clickable radio button, not checked, no.
NVDA 2016.2	FF 48	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for.	Yes, radio button, checked, one of two.
NVDA 2016.2	IE11	Reading		Close the window. Radio button, checked, yes, radio button, not checked, no.
NVDA 2016.2	IE11	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for.	Yes, radio button, checked.
NVDA 2015.2	FF 40	Reading		Close the window. Radio button, checked, yes, radio button, not checked, no.
NVDA 2015.2	FF 40	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for.	Yes, radio button, checked, one of two.
NVDA 2015.2	IE11	Reading		Close the window. Radio button, checked, yes, radio button, not checked, no.
NVDA 2015.2	IE11	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for.	Yes, radio button, checked.
NVDA 2014.1	FF 28	Reading		Close the window. Radio button, checked, yes. Radio button, not checked, no.
NVDA 2014.1	FF 28	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for.	Yes, radio button, checked, one of two.
NVDA 2014.1	IE11	Reading		Close the window. Radio button, checked, yes. Radio button, not checked, no.
NVDA 2014.1	IE11	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for.	Yes, radio button, checked.
JAWS 2023.2311.34	Chrome 120	Reading		Close the window. Yes, radio button, checked. No, radio button, not checked.
JAWS 2023.2311.34	Chrome 120	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for.	Yes radio button, checked.
JAWS 2023.2311.34	FF 115	Reading		Close the window. Yes, radio button, checked, one of two. No, radio button, not checked, two of two.
JAWS 2023.2311.34	FF 115	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for.	Yes radio button, checked, checked, one of two.
JAWS 2023.2311.34	Edge 120	Reading		Close the window. Yes, radio button, checked. No, radio button, not checked.
JAWS 2023.2311.34	Edge 120	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for.	Yes radio button, checked.
JAWS 2022.2207.25	Chrome 105	Reading		Close the window. Yes, radio button, checked, one of two. No, radio button, not checked, two of two.
JAWS 2022.2207.25	Chrome 105	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for.	Yes radio button, checked, one of two.
JAWS 2022.2207.25	FF 102	Reading		Close the window. Yes, radio button, checked, one of two. No, radio button, not checked, two of two.
JAWS 2022.2207.25	FF 102	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for and button read twice.	Yes radio button, checked, yes radio button, checked, one of two.
JAWS 2022.2207.25	Edge 105	Reading		Close the window. Yes, radio button, checked, one of two. No, radio button, not checked, two of two.
JAWS 2022.2207.25	Edge 105	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for.	Yes radio button, checked, one of two.
JAWS 2021.2107.12	Chrome 94	Reading		Close the window. Yes, radio button, checked, one of two. No, radio button, not checked, two of two.
JAWS 2021.2107.12	Chrome 94	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for.	Yes radio button, checked, one of two.
JAWS 2021.2107.12	FF 91	Reading		Close the window. Yes, radio button, checked, one of two. No, radio button, not checked, two of two.
JAWS 2021.2107.12	FF 91	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for and button read twice.	Yes radio button, checked, yes radio button, checked, one of two.
JAWS 2021.2107.12	Edge 94	Reading		Close the window. Yes, radio button, checked, one of two. No, radio button, not checked, two of two.
JAWS 2021.2107.12	Edge 94	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for.	Yes radio button, checked, one of two.
JAWS 2020.2008.24	Chrome 86	Reading		Close the window. Yes, radio button, checked, one of two. No, radio button, not checked, two of two.
JAWS 2020.2008.24	Chrome 86	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for.	Yes radio button, checked, one of two.
JAWS 2020.2008.24	FF 78	Reading		Close the window. Yes, radio button, checked, one of two. No, radio button, not checked, two of two.
JAWS 2020.2008.24	FF 78	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for and button read twice.	Yes radio button, checked, yes radio button, checked, one of two.
JAWS 2020.2008.24	Edge 92	Reading		Close the window. Yes, radio button, checked, one of two. No, radio button, not checked, two of two.
JAWS 2020.2008.24	Edge 92	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for.	Yes radio button, checked, one of two.
JAWS 2019.1912.1	Chrome 79	Reading		Close the window. Yes, radio button, checked, one of two. No, radio button, not checked, two of two.
JAWS 2019.1912.1	Chrome 79	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for.	Yes radio button, checked, one of two.
JAWS 2019.1912.1	FF 68	Reading		Close the window. Yes, radio button, checked, one of two. No, radio button, not checked, two of two.
JAWS 2019.1912.1	FF 68	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for.	Yes radio button, checked, one of two.
JAWS 2019.1912.1	IE11	Reading		Close the window. Yes, radio button, checked. No, radio button, not checked.
JAWS 2019.1912.1	IE11	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for.	Yes, radio button checked.
JAWS 2018.1811.2	Chrome 73	Reading		Close the window. Yes, radio button, checked, one of two. No, radio button, not checked, two of two.
JAWS 2018.1811.2	Chrome 73	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for.	Tab, yes radio button, checked, one of two.
JAWS 2018.1811.2	FF 60	Reading		Close the window. Yes, radio button, checked, one of two. No, radio button, not checked, two of two.
JAWS 2018.1811.2	FF 60	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for.	Tab, yes radio button, checked, one of two.
JAWS 2018.1811.2	IE11	Reading		Close the window. Yes, radio button, checked. No, radio button, not checked.
JAWS 2018.1811.2	IE11	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for.	Tab, yes, radio button checked.
JAWS 18.0.5038	FF 52	Reading		Close the window. Radio button, checked, yes one of two. Radio button, not checked, no, two of two.
JAWS 18.0.5038	FF 52	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for.	Tab, yes radio button, checked, one of two.
JAWS 18.0.5038	IE11	Reading		Close the window. Radio button, checked, yes. Radio button, not checked, no.
JAWS 18.0.5038	IE11	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for.	Tab, yes, radio button checked.
JAWS 17.0.2619	FF 48	Reading		Close the window. Radio button, checked, yes one of two. Radio button, not checked, no, two of two.
JAWS 17.0.2619	FF 48	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for.	Yes, radio button, checked, one of two.
JAWS 17.0.2619	IE11	Reading		Close the window. Radio button, checked, yes. Yes. Radio button, not checked, no. No.
JAWS 17.0.2619	IE11	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for.	Yes, radio button checked.
JAWS 16.0.4350	FF 40	Reading		Close the window. Radio button, checked, yes one of two. Radio button, not checked, no, two of two.
JAWS 16.0.4350	FF 40	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for.	Yes, radio button, checked, one of two.
JAWS 16.0.4350	IE11	Reading		Close the window. Radio button, checked, yes. Yes. Radio button, not checked, no. No.
JAWS 16.0.4350	IE11	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for.	Yes, radio button checked.
JAWS 15.0.9023	FF 29	Reading		Close the window. Radio button, checked, yes. Radio button, not checked, no, two of two.
JAWS 15.0.9023	FF 29	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for.	Yes, radio button, checked, one of two.
JAWS 15.0.9023	IE11	Reading		Close the window. Radio button, checked, yes. Yes. Radio button, not checked, no. No.
JAWS 15.0.9023	IE11	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for.	Yes, radio button checked.
JAWS 14.0.9002	FF 29	Reading		Close the window. Radio button, checked, yes. Radio button, not checked, no. Two of two.
JAWS 14.0.9002	FF 29	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for.	Radio button, checked, yes. One of two.
JAWS 14.0.9002	IE11	Reading		Close the window. Radio button, checked, yes. Yes. Radio button, not checked, no. No.
JAWS 14.0.9002	IE11	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for.	Yes, radio button checked.
JAWS 13.0.852	FF 29	Reading		Close the window. Radio button, checked, yes, one of two. Radio button, not checked, no, two of two.
JAWS 13.0.852	FF 29	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for.	Yes, radio button, checked, one of two.
JAWS 13.0.852	IE11	Reading		Close the window. Radio button, checked, yes. Radio button, not checked, no.
JAWS 13.0.852	IE11	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for.	Yes, radio button checked.
WindowEyes 9.2	IE11	Reading		Close the window. Yes, radio button, checked. Yes. No, radio button, unchecked. No.
WindowEyes 9.2	IE11	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for when tabbing.	Yes, radio button, checked.
WindowEyes 8.4	IE11	Reading		Close the window. Radio button, checked, yes. Radio button, unchecked, no.
WindowEyes 8.4	IE11	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for when tabbing.	Yes, checked, radio button.
VoiceOver macOS 13.6	Safari 16.6	Reading		Close the window. Yes, selected radio button, one of two. Yes. No, radio button, two of two. No.
VoiceOver macOS 13.6	Safari 16.6	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for when tabbing.	Yes, selected radio button, one of two.
VoiceOver macOS 12.5	Safari 15.6	Reading		Close the window. Yes, selected radio button, one of two. Yes. No, radio button, two of two. No.
VoiceOver macOS 12.5	Safari 15.6	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for when tabbing.	Yes, selected radio button, one of two.
VoiceOver macOS 11.5	Safari 15.0	Reading		Close the window. Yes, selected radio button, one of two. Yes. No, radio button, two of two. No.
VoiceOver macOS 11.5	Safari 15.0	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for when tabbing.	Yes, selected radio button, one of two.
VoiceOver macOS 10.15	Safari 14.1	Reading		Close the window. Yes, selected radio button, one of two. Yes. No, radio button, two of two. No.
VoiceOver macOS 10.15	Safari 14.1	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for when tabbing.	Yes, selected radio button, one of two.
VoiceOver macOS 10.14	Safari 13.0	Reading		Close the window. Yes, selected radio button, one of two. Yes. No, radio button, two of two. No.
VoiceOver macOS 10.14	Safari 13.0	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for when tabbing.	Yes, selected radio button, one of two.
VoiceOver macOS 10.13	Safari 12.1	Reading		Close the window. Yes, selected radio button, one of two. Yes. No, radio button, two of two. No.
VoiceOver macOS 10.13	Safari 12.1	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for when tabbing.	Yes, selected radio button, one of two.
VoiceOver macOS 10.12	Safari 10.1.2	Reading		Close the window. Yes, selected radio button, one of two. Yes. No, radio button, two of two. No.
VoiceOver macOS 10.12	Safari 10.1.2	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for when tabbing.	Yes, selected radio button, one of two.
VoiceOver macOS 10.11	Safari 9.1.2	Reading		Close the window. Yes, selected radio button, one of two. Yes. No, radio button, two of two. No.
VoiceOver macOS 10.11	Safari 9.1.2	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for when tabbing.	Yes, selected radio button, one of two, yes yes, no no.
VoiceOver macOS 10.10	Safari 8.0.6	Reading		Close the window. Yes, selected radio button, one of two. Yes. No, radio button, two of two. No.
VoiceOver macOS 10.10	Safari 8.0.6	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for when tabbing.	Yes, selected radio button, one of two.
VoiceOver macOS 10.9	Safari 7.0.3	Reading		Close the window. Yes, selected radio button, one of two. No, radio button, two of two.
VoiceOver macOS 10.9	Safari 7.0.3	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for when tabbing.	Yes, selected radio button, one of two.
VoiceOver iOS 16.6	Safari iOS 16.6	Touch		Close the window. Yes, radio button, ticked, form start, one of two. No, radio button, unticked, two of two.
VoiceOver iOS 15.6	Safari iOS 15.6	Touch		Close the window. Yes, radio button, ticked, form start, one of two. No, radio button, unticked, two of two.
VoiceOver iOS 14.7	Safari iOS 14.7	Touch		Close the window. Yes, radio button, ticked, form start, one of two. No, radio button, unticked, two of two.
VoiceOver iOS 13.3	Safari iOS 13.3	Touch		Close the window. Yes, radio button, ticked, form start, one of two. No, radio button, unticked, two of two.
VoiceOver iOS 12.4	Safari iOS 12.4	Touch		Close the window. Yes, radio button, ticked, form start, one of two. No, radio button, unticked, two of two.
VoiceOver iOS 11.4	Safari iOS 11.4	Touch		Close the window. Yes, radio button, ticked, form start, one of two. No, radio button, unticked, two of two.
VoiceOver iOS 10.3	Safari iOS 10.3	Touch		Close the window. Yes, radio button, ticked, form start, one of two. No, radio button, unticked, two of two.
VoiceOver iOS 9.1	Safari iOS 9.1	Touch	Radio buttons not treated as part of same group	Close the window. Yes, radio button ticked, one of one. No, radio button unticked, one of one.
VoiceOver iOS 8.4	Safari iOS 8.4	Touch	Radio buttons not treated as part of same group	Close the window. Yes, radio button ticked, one of one. No, radio button unticked, one of one.
VoiceOver iOS 7.1	Safari iOS 7.1	Touch		Close the window. Yes, radio button ticked, one of two. No, radio button unticked, two of two.
Dolphin SR 15.05	IE11	Reading		Close the window. Checked radio, yes. Yes. Unchecked radio, no. No.
Dolphin SR 15.05	IE11	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for when tabbing.	Checked radio, yes. Unchecked radio, no.
SaToGo 3.4.96.0	IE11	Reading		Close the window. Radio button selected, Yes. Radio button unselected, No
SaToGo 3.4.96.0	IE11	Tabbing	Nothing to indicate what Yes / No is a choice for when tabbing.	Yes, radio button selected. No, radio button unselected

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Test notes

All tests were carried out with screen reader factory settings. JAWS in particular has a wide variety of settings controlling exactly what gets spoken.

Screen readers allow users to interact in different modes, and can produce very different results in each mode. The modes used in these tests are:

• Reading Content read using the “read next” command in a screen reader
• Tabbing Content read using the “tab” key in a screen reader
• Heading Content read using the “next heading” key in a screen reader
• Touch Content read when touching an area of screen on a mobile device

In the “What the user hears” column:

• Commas represent short pauses in screen reader voicing
• Full Stops represent places where voicing stops, and the “read next” or “tab” or “next heading” command is pressed again
• Ellipsis … represent a long pause in voicing
• (Brackets) represent voicing that requires a keystroke to hear