PowerMapper
PowerMapper
Link containing img with null alt
Screen reader compatibility
HTML WCAG
Dec 12, 2023
Expected Result: causes problems in some screen readers
Actual Result: causes problems in 150 screen reader / browser combinations
For expected failures, the results show which AT combos the failures affect. Results are recorded from the user's viewpoint, so describe the user impact of authoring errors.
WCAG Failure: F89
Code used for this test:
<a href='4567.html'><img src='1234.png' alt=''></a>
Change History
Last updated: December 12, 2023
- NVDA with Chrome
Causes problems from
NVDA 2018.4 to NVDA 2023.3
- NVDA with IE
Causes problems from
NVDA 2014.1 to NVDA 2019.2
- NVDA with FF
Causes problems from
NVDA 2014.1 to NVDA 2023.3
- JAWS with Chrome
Causes problems from
JAWS 2018.1811.2 to JAWS 2023.2311.34
- JAWS with IE
Causes problems from
JAWS 13.0.852 to JAWS 2019.1912.1
- JAWS with FF
Causes problems from
JAWS 13.0.852 to JAWS 2023.2311.34
- VoiceOver macOS
Causes problems from
VoiceOver macOS 10.9 to VoiceOver macOS 13.6
- VoiceOver iOS
Causes problems from
VoiceOver iOS 7.1 to VoiceOver iOS 16.6
- WindowEyes with IE
Causes problems from
WindowEyes 8.4 to WindowEyes 9.2
- Dolphin with IE
Causes problems in
Dolphin SR 15.05
- SaToGo with IE
Causes problems in
SaToGo 3.4.96.0
| Screen reader | Browser | Mode | Notes | What the user hears |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NVDA 2023.3 | Chrome 120 | Reading | Link URL read out: no indication of link purpose. | Link four thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven. |
| NVDA 2023.3 | Chrome 120 | Tabbing | Link URL read out: no indication of link purpose. | Four thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven, link. |
| NVDA 2023.3 | FF 115 | Reading | Link URL read out: no indication of link purpose. | Link, four thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven. |
| NVDA 2023.3 | FF 115 | Tabbing | Link URL read out: no indication of link purpose. | Four thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven, link. |
| NVDA 2023.3 | Edge 120 | Reading | No indication where link goes. | Link, four thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven. |
| NVDA 2023.3 | Edge 120 | Tabbing | No indication of link purpose. | Four thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven, link. |
| NVDA 2022.2 | Chrome 105 | Reading | Link URL read out: no indication of link purpose. | Link four thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven. |
| NVDA 2022.2 | Chrome 105 | Tabbing | Link URL read out: no indication of link purpose. | Four thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven, link. |
| NVDA 2022.2 | FF 102 | Reading | Link URL read out: no indication of link purpose. | Link, four thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven. |
| NVDA 2022.2 | FF 102 | Tabbing | Link URL read out: no indication of link purpose. | Four thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven, link. |
| NVDA 2022.2 | Edge 105 | Reading | No indication where link goes. | Link, four thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven. |
| NVDA 2022.2 | Edge 105 | Tabbing | No indication of link purpose. | Four thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven, link. |
| NVDA 2021.2 | Chrome 94 | Reading | Link URL read out: no indication of link purpose. | Link four thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven. |
| NVDA 2021.2 | Chrome 94 | Tabbing | Link URL read out: no indication of link purpose. | Four thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven, link. |
| NVDA 2021.2 | FF 91 | Reading | Link URL read out: no indication of link purpose. | Link, four thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven. |
| NVDA 2021.2 | FF 91 | Tabbing | Link URL read out: no indication of link purpose. | Four thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven, link. |
| NVDA 2021.2 | Edge 94 | Reading | No indication where link goes. | Link, four thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven. |
| NVDA 2021.2 | Edge 94 | Tabbing | No indication of link purpose. | Four thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven, link. |
| NVDA 2020.2 | Chrome 86 | Reading | Link URL read out: no indication of link purpose. | Link four thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven. |
| NVDA 2020.2 | Chrome 86 | Tabbing | Link URL read out: no indication of link purpose. | Four thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven, link. |
| NVDA 2020.2 | FF 78 | Reading | Link URL read out: no indication of link purpose. | Link, four thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven. |
| NVDA 2020.2 | FF 78 | Tabbing | Link URL read out: no indication of link purpose. | Four thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven, link. |
| NVDA 2020.2 | Edge 92 | Reading | No indication where link goes. | Link, four thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven. |
| NVDA 2020.2 | Edge 92 | Tabbing | No indication of link purpose. | Four thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven, link. |
| NVDA 2019.2 | Chrome 79 | Reading | Link URL read out: no indication of link purpose. | Link four thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven. |
| NVDA 2019.2 | Chrome 79 | Tabbing | Link URL read out: no indication of link purpose. | Four thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven, link. |
| NVDA 2019.2 | FF 68 | Reading | Link URL read out: no indication of link purpose. | Link, four thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven. |
| NVDA 2019.2 | FF 68 | Tabbing | Link URL read out: no indication of link purpose. | Four thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven, link. |
| NVDA 2019.2 | IE11 | Reading | No indication where link goes. | Link, four thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven. |
| NVDA 2019.2 | IE11 | Tabbing | No indication of link purpose. | Four thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven, link. |
| NVDA 2018.4 | Chrome 73 | Reading | Link URL read out: no indication of link purpose. | Link four thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven. |
| NVDA 2018.4 | Chrome 73 | Tabbing | Link URL read out: no indication of link purpose. | Four thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven, link. |
| NVDA 2018.4 | FF 60 | Reading | Link URL read out: no indication of link purpose. | Link graphic four thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven. |
| NVDA 2018.4 | FF 60 | Tabbing | Link URL read out: no indication of link purpose. | Four thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven, link. |
| NVDA 2018.4 | IE11 | Reading | No indication where link goes. | Link, four thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven. |
| NVDA 2018.4 | IE11 | Tabbing | No indication of link purpose. | Four thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven, link. |
| NVDA 2017.3 | FF 60 | Reading | Image and link ignored. | |
| NVDA 2017.3 | FF 60 | Tabbing | No indication of link purpose. | Link. |
| NVDA 2017.3 | IE11 | Reading | No indication where link goes. | Link, four thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven. |
| NVDA 2017.3 | IE11 | Tabbing | No indication of link purpose. | Four thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven, link. |
| NVDA 2016.2 | FF 48 | Reading | No indication where link goes. | Link, four thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven. |
| NVDA 2016.2 | FF 48 | Tabbing | No indication of link purpose. | Four thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven, link. |
| NVDA 2016.2 | IE11 | Reading | No indication where link goes. | Link, four thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven. |
| NVDA 2016.2 | IE11 | Tabbing | No indication of link purpose. | Four thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven, link. |
| NVDA 2015.2 | FF 40 | Reading | No indication where link goes. | Link, four thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven. |
| NVDA 2015.2 | FF 40 | Tabbing | No indication of link purpose. | Four thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven, link. |
| NVDA 2015.2 | IE11 | Reading | No indication where link goes. | Link, four thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven. |
| NVDA 2015.2 | IE11 | Tabbing | No indication of link purpose. | Four thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven, link. |
| NVDA 2014.1 | FF 29 | Reading | No indication where link goes. | Link, four thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven. |
| NVDA 2014.1 | FF 29 | Tabbing | No indication of link purpose. | Four thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven, link. |
| NVDA 2014.1 | IE11 | Reading | No indication where link goes. | Link graphic, four thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven. |
| NVDA 2014.1 | IE11 | Tabbing | No indication of link purpose. | Four thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven, link. |
| JAWS 2023.2311.34 | Chrome 120 | Reading | Link URL gibberish read out. | Link, forty-five, sixty-seven. |
| JAWS 2023.2311.34 | Chrome 120 | Tabbing | Link URL gibberish read out. | Forty-five, sixty-seven, link. |
| JAWS 2023.2311.34 | FF 115 | Reading | Link URL gibberish read out. | Link, forty-five, sixty-seven |
| JAWS 2023.2311.34 | FF 115 | Tabbing | Link URL gibberish read out. | Forty-five, sixty-seven, link |
| JAWS 2023.2311.34 | Edge 120 | Reading | Link URL gibberish read out. | Link, forty-five, sixty-seven. |
| JAWS 2023.2311.34 | Edge 120 | Tabbing | Link URL gibberish read out. | Forty-five, sixty-seven, link |
| JAWS 2022.2207.25 | Chrome 105 | Reading | Link URL gibberish read out. | Link, forty-five, sixty-seven. |
| JAWS 2022.2207.25 | Chrome 105 | Tabbing | Link URL gibberish read out. | Forty-five, sixty-seven, link. |
| JAWS 2022.2207.25 | FF 102 | Reading | Graphic SRC URL gibberish read out. | Link graphic, twelve thirty four |
| JAWS 2022.2207.25 | FF 102 | Tabbing | Link URL gibberish read out. | Twelve thirty four, link graphic |
| JAWS 2022.2207.25 | Edge 105 | Reading | Link URL gibberish read out. | Link, forty-five, sixty-seven. |
| JAWS 2022.2207.25 | Edge 105 | Tabbing | Link URL gibberish read out. | Forty-five, sixty-seven, link |
| JAWS 2021.2107.12 | Chrome 94 | Reading | Link URL gibberish read out. | Link, forty-five, sixty-seven. |
| JAWS 2021.2107.12 | Chrome 94 | Tabbing | Link URL gibberish read out. | Forty-five, sixty-seven, link. |
| JAWS 2021.2107.12 | FF 91 | Reading | Graphic SRC URL gibberish read out. | Link graphic, twelve thirty four |
| JAWS 2021.2107.12 | FF 91 | Tabbing | Link URL gibberish read out. | Link, slash forty-five, sixty-seven dot HTML |
| JAWS 2021.2107.12 | Edge 94 | Reading | Link URL gibberish read out. | Link, forty-five, sixty-seven. |
| JAWS 2021.2107.12 | Edge 94 | Tabbing | Link URL gibberish read out. | Forty-five, sixty-seven, link |
| JAWS 2020.2008.24 | Chrome 86 | Reading | Link URL gibberish read out. | Link, forty-five, sixty-seven. |
| JAWS 2020.2008.24 | Chrome 86 | Tabbing | Link URL gibberish read out. | Forty-five, sixty-seven, link. |
| JAWS 2020.2008.24 | FF 78 | Reading | Graphic SRC URL gibberish read out. | Link graphic, twelve thirty four |
| JAWS 2020.2008.24 | FF 78 | Tabbing | Link URL gibberish read out. | Twelve thirty four, link graphic |
| JAWS 2020.2008.24 | Edge 92 | Reading | Link URL gibberish read out. | Link, forty-five, sixty-seven. |
| JAWS 2020.2008.24 | Edge 92 | Tabbing | Link URL gibberish read out. | Forty-five, sixty-seven, link |
| JAWS 2019.1912.1 | Chrome 79 | Reading | Graphic SRC URL gibberish read out. | Link graphic, twelve thirty four |
| JAWS 2019.1912.1 | Chrome 79 | Tabbing | Link URL gibberish read out. | Twelve thirty four, link graphic |
| JAWS 2019.1912.1 | FF 68 | Reading | Graphic SRC URL gibberish read out. | Link graphic, twelve thirty four |
| JAWS 2019.1912.1 | FF 68 | Tabbing | Link URL gibberish read out. | Twelve thirty four, link graphic |
| JAWS 2019.1912.1 | IE11 | Reading | Link URL gibberish read out. | Link graphic, slash twelve thirty four. |
| JAWS 2019.1912.1 | IE11 | Tabbing | Link URL gibberish read out. | Slash twelve thirty four, link graphic |
| JAWS 2018.1811.2 | Chrome 73 | Reading | Graphic SRC URL gibberish read out. | Link graphic, twelve thirty four |
| JAWS 2018.1811.2 | Chrome 73 | Tabbing | Link URL gibberish read out. | Tab, twelve thirty four, link graphic |
| JAWS 2018.1811.2 | FF 60 | Reading | Graphic SRC URL gibberish read out. | Link graphic, twelve thirty four |
| JAWS 2018.1811.2 | FF 60 | Tabbing | Link URL gibberish read out. | Tab, twelve thirty four, link graphic |
| JAWS 2018.1811.2 | IE11 | Reading | Link URL gibberish read out. | Link graphic, slash twelve thirty four. |
| JAWS 2018.1811.2 | IE11 | Tabbing | Link URL gibberish read out. | Tab, slash twelve thirty four, link graphic |
| JAWS 18.0.5038 | FF 52 | Reading | Graphic SRC URL gibberish read out. | Link graphic, twelve thirty four |
| JAWS 18.0.5038 | FF 52 | Tabbing | Link URL gibberish read out. | Tab, twelve thirty four, link graphic |
| JAWS 18.0.5038 | IE11 | Reading | Link URL gibberish read out. | Link graphic, slash twelve thirty four. |
| JAWS 18.0.5038 | IE11 | Tabbing | Link URL gibberish read out. | Tab, slash twelve thirty four, link graphic |
| JAWS 17.0.2619 | FF 48 | Reading | Graphic SRC URL gibberish read out. | Link graphic, twelve thirty four |
| JAWS 17.0.2619 | FF 48 | Tabbing | Link URL gibberish read out. | Twelve thirty four, link graphic |
| JAWS 17.0.2619 | IE11 | Reading | Link URL gibberish read out. | Link graphic, slash twelve thirty four. |
| JAWS 17.0.2619 | IE11 | Tabbing | Link URL gibberish read out. | Slash twelve thirty four, link graphic |
| JAWS 16.0.4350 | FF 40 | Reading | Graphic SRC URL gibberish read out. | Link graphic, twelve thirty four |
| JAWS 16.0.4350 | FF 40 | Tabbing | Link URL gibberish read out. | Twelve thirty four, link graphic |
| JAWS 16.0.4350 | IE11 | Reading | Link URL gibberish read out. | Link graphic, slash twelve thirty four. |
| JAWS 16.0.4350 | IE11 | Tabbing | Link URL gibberish read out. | Slash twelve thirty four, link graphic |
| JAWS 15.0.9023 | FF 29 | Reading | Link URL gibberish read out. | Link, forty five sixty seven |
| JAWS 15.0.9023 | FF 29 | Tabbing | Link URL gibberish read out. | Forty five sixty seven, link |
| JAWS 15.0.9023 | IE11 | Reading | Link URL gibberish read out. | Link graphic, slash twelve thirty four. |
| JAWS 15.0.9023 | IE11 | Tabbing | Link URL gibberish read out. | Slash twelve thirty four, link graphic |
| JAWS 14.0.9002 | FF 29 | Reading | Link URL gibberish read out. | Link forty five sixty seven |
| JAWS 14.0.9002 | FF 29 | Tabbing | Link URL gibberish read out. | Forty five sixty seven, link |
| JAWS 14.0.9002 | IE11 | Reading | Link URL gibberish read out. | Link graphic, slash twelve thirty four. |
| JAWS 14.0.9002 | IE11 | Tabbing | Link URL gibberish read out. | Slash twelve thirty four, link graphic |
| JAWS 13.0.852 | FF 29 | Reading | Link URL gibberish read out. | Link forty five sixty seven |
| JAWS 13.0.852 | FF 29 | Tabbing | Link URL gibberish read out. | Forty five sixty seven, link |
| JAWS 13.0.852 | IE11 | Reading | Link URL gibberish read out. | Link graphic, slash twelve thirty four. |
| JAWS 13.0.852 | IE11 | Tabbing | Link URL gibberish read out. | Slash twelve thirty four, link graphic |
| WindowEyes 9.2 | IE11 | Reading | Link URL gibberish read out. | Link slash forty five sixty seven dot HTML. |
| WindowEyes 9.2 | IE11 | Tabbing | Link URL gibberish read out. | Link slash forty five sixty seven dot HTML. |
| WindowEyes 8.4 | IE11 | Reading | Link URL gibberish read out. | Link slash forty five sixty seven dot HTML. |
| WindowEyes 8.4 | IE11 | Tabbing | Image URL gibberish read out. | Link twelve thirty four. |
| VoiceOver macOS 13.6 | Safari 16.6 | Reading | Link URL gibberish read out. | Link, four thousand five hundred and sixty-seven HTML. |
| VoiceOver macOS 13.6 | Safari 16.6 | Tabbing | Link URL gibberish read out. | Link, four thousand five hundred and sixty-seven HTML. |
| VoiceOver macOS 12.5 | Safari 15.6 | Reading | Link URL gibberish read out. | Link, four thousand five hundred and sixty-seven HTML. |
| VoiceOver macOS 12.5 | Safari 15.6 | Tabbing | Link URL gibberish read out. | Link, four thousand five hundred and sixty-seven HTML. |
| VoiceOver macOS 11.5 | Safari 15.0 | Reading | Link URL gibberish read out. | Link, four thousand five hundred and sixty-seven HTML. |
| VoiceOver macOS 11.5 | Safari 15.0 | Tabbing | Link URL gibberish read out. | Link, four thousand five hundred and sixty-seven HTML. |
| VoiceOver macOS 10.15 | Safari 14.1 | Reading | Link URL gibberish read out. | Link, four thousand five hundred and sixty-seven HTML. |
| VoiceOver macOS 10.15 | Safari 14.1 | Tabbing | Link URL gibberish read out. | Link, four thousand five hundred and sixty-seven HTML. |
| VoiceOver macOS 10.14 | Safari 13.0 | Reading | Link URL gibberish read out. | Link, four thousand five hundred and sixty-seven HTML. |
| VoiceOver macOS 10.14 | Safari 13.0 | Tabbing | Link URL gibberish read out. | Link, four thousand five hundred and sixty-seven HTML. |
| VoiceOver macOS 10.13 | Safari 12.1 | Reading | Link URL gibberish read out. | Link, four thousand five hundred and sixty-seven HTML. |
| VoiceOver macOS 10.13 | Safari 12.1 | Tabbing | Link URL gibberish read out. | Link, four thousand five hundred and sixty-seven HTML. |
| VoiceOver macOS 10.12 | Safari 10.1.2 | Reading | Link URL gibberish read out. | Link four five six seven HTML. |
| VoiceOver macOS 10.12 | Safari 10.1.2 | Tabbing | Link URL gibberish read out. | Link four five six seven HTML. |
| VoiceOver macOS 10.11 | Safari 9.1.2 | Reading | Link URL gibberish read out. | Link four five six seven HTML. |
| VoiceOver macOS 10.11 | Safari 9.1.2 | Tabbing | Link URL gibberish read out. | Link four five six seven HTML. |
| VoiceOver macOS 10.10 | Safari 8.0.6 | Reading | Link URL gibberish read out. | Link four five six seven HTML. |
| VoiceOver macOS 10.10 | Safari 8.0.6 | Tabbing | Link URL gibberish read out. | Link four five six seven HTML. |
| VoiceOver macOS 10.9 | Safari 7.0.3 | Reading | Link URL gibberish read out. | Link four five six seven HTML. |
| VoiceOver macOS 10.9 | Safari 7.0.3 | Tabbing | Link URL gibberish read out. | Link four five six seven HTML. |
| VoiceOver iOS 16.6 | Safari iOS 16.6 | Touch | Link URL read out: no indication of link purpose. | Four thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven HTML, link. |
| VoiceOver iOS 15.6 | Safari iOS 15.6 | Touch | Link URL read out: no indication of link purpose. | Four thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven HTML, link. |
| VoiceOver iOS 14.7 | Safari iOS 14.7 | Touch | Link URL read out: no indication of link purpose. | Four thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven HTML, link. |
| VoiceOver iOS 13.3 | Safari iOS 13.3 | Touch | Link URL read out: no indication of link purpose. | Four thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven HTML, link. |
| VoiceOver iOS 12.4 | Safari iOS 12.4 | Touch | Link URL read out: no indication of link purpose. | Four thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven HTML, link. |
| VoiceOver iOS 11.4 | Safari iOS 11.4 | Touch | Link URL read out: no indication of link purpose. | Four thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven HTML, link. |
| VoiceOver iOS 10.3 | Safari iOS 10.3 | Touch | Link URL read out: no indication of link purpose. | Four thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven HTML, link. |
| VoiceOver iOS 9.1 | Safari iOS 9.1 | Touch | Link URL read out: no indication of link purpose. | Four thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven HTML, link. |
| VoiceOver iOS 8.4 | Safari iOS 8.4 | Touch | Link URL read out: no indication of link purpose. | Four thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven HTML, link. |
| VoiceOver iOS 7.1 | Safari iOS 7.1 | Touch | Link URL read out: no indication of link purpose. | Four thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven HTML, link. |
| Dolphin SR 15.05 | IE11 | Reading | No indication of link purpose | Link |
| Dolphin SR 15.05 | IE11 | Tabbing | No indication of link purpose. | Link |
| SaToGo 3.4.96.0 | IE11 | Reading | No indication of link purpose | Link |
| SaToGo 3.4.96.0 | IE11 | Tabbing | No indication of link purpose. | Link |
SortSite rules: AccHtmlLinkTextBlank
Test notes
All tests were carried out with screen reader factory settings. JAWS in particular has a wide variety of settings controlling exactly what gets spoken.
Screen readers allow users to interact in different modes, and can produce very different results in each mode. The modes used in these tests are:
- Reading Content read using the “read next” command in a screen reader
- Tabbing Content read using the “tab” key in a screen reader
- Heading Content read using the “next heading” key in a screen reader
- Touch Content read when touching an area of screen on a mobile device
In the “What the user hears” column:
- Commas represent short pauses in screen reader voicing
- Full Stops represent places where voicing stops, and the “read next” or “tab” or “next heading” command is pressed again
- Ellipsis … represent a long pause in voicing
- (Brackets) represent voicing that requires a keystroke to hear