iframe with title matching frame filename Screen reader compatibility

Expected Result: causes problems in some screen readers

Actual Result: causes problems in 84 screen reader / browser combinations

For expected failures, the results show which AT combos the failures affect. Results are recorded from the user's viewpoint, so describe the user impact of authoring errors.

WCAG Failure: F30

Code used for this test:

		<iframe title='1234.html' src='1234.html' width='400' height='100'> </iframe>
	

Change History

Last updated: December 12, 2023

• NVDA with Chrome Causes problems from NVDA 2018.4 to NVDA 2023.3
• NVDA with IE Causes problems in NVDA 2019.2
• NVDA with FF Causes problems in NVDA 2023.3
• JAWS with Chrome Causes problems in JAWS 2023.2311.34
• JAWS with IE Stable - OK from JAWS 13.0.852 to JAWS 2019.1912.1
• JAWS with FF Causes problems in JAWS 2023.2311.34
• VoiceOver macOS Causes problems in VoiceOver macOS 13.6
• VoiceOver iOS Stable - OK from VoiceOver iOS 7.1 to VoiceOver iOS 16.6
• WindowEyes with IE Causes problems in WindowEyes 9.2
• Dolphin with IE OK in Dolphin SR 15.05
• SaToGo with IE OK in SaToGo 3.4.96.0

Screen reader	Browser	Mode	Notes	What the user hears
NVDA 2023.3	Chrome 120	Reading	Frame SRC URL gibberish is voiced.	One thousand two hundred and thirty four dot HTML, frame, this is an, link, example hyperlink in the target page. Out of frame.
NVDA 2023.3	Chrome 120	Tabbing	Frame SRC URL gibberish is voiced.	One thousand two hundred and thirty four dot HTML, frame, example hyperlink, link.
NVDA 2023.3	FF 115	Reading	Frame SRC URL gibberish is voiced.	One thousand two hundred and thirty four dot HTML, frame, this is an, link, example hyperlink in the target page. Out of frame, blank.
NVDA 2023.3	FF 115	Tabbing	Silence when tab focus stops on iframe. Frame SRC URL gibberish is voiced.	Silence. One thousand two hundred and thirty four dot HTML, frame, example hyperlink, link.
NVDA 2023.3	Edge 120	Reading	Frame SRC URL gibberish is voiced.	One thousand two hundred and thirty four dot HTML, frame, this is an, link, example hyperlink in the target page. Out of frame.
NVDA 2023.3	Edge 120	Tabbing	Frame SRC URL gibberish is voiced.	One thousand two hundred and thirty four dot HTML, frame, example hyperlink, link.
NVDA 2022.2	Chrome 105	Reading	Frame SRC URL gibberish is voiced.	One thousand two hundred and thirty four dot HTML, frame, this is an, link, example hyperlink in the target page. Out of frame.
NVDA 2022.2	Chrome 105	Tabbing	Frame SRC URL gibberish is voiced.	One thousand two hundred and thirty four dot HTML, frame, example hyperlink, link.
NVDA 2022.2	FF 102	Reading	Frame SRC URL gibberish is voiced.	One thousand two hundred and thirty four dot HTML, frame, this is an, link, example hyperlink in the target page. Out of frame, blank.
NVDA 2022.2	FF 102	Tabbing	Silence when tab focus stops on iframe. Frame SRC URL gibberish is voiced.	Silence. One thousand two hundred and thirty four dot HTML, frame, example hyperlink, link.
NVDA 2022.2	Edge 105	Reading	Frame SRC URL gibberish is voiced.	One thousand two hundred and thirty four dot HTML, frame, this is an, link, example hyperlink in the target page. Out of frame.
NVDA 2022.2	Edge 105	Tabbing	Frame SRC URL gibberish is voiced.	One thousand two hundred and thirty four dot HTML, frame, example hyperlink, link.
NVDA 2021.2	Chrome 94	Reading	Frame SRC URL gibberish is voiced.	One thousand two hundred and thirty four dot HTML, frame, this is an, link, example hyperlink in the target page. Out of frame.
NVDA 2021.2	Chrome 94	Tabbing	Frame SRC URL gibberish is voiced.	One thousand two hundred and thirty four dot HTML, frame, example hyperlink, link.
NVDA 2021.2	FF 91	Reading	Frame SRC URL gibberish is voiced.	One thousand two hundred and thirty four dot HTML, frame, this is an, link, example hyperlink in the target page. Out of frame, blank.
NVDA 2021.2	FF 91	Tabbing	Silence when tab focus stops on iframe. Frame SRC URL gibberish is voiced.	Silence. One thousand two hundred and thirty four dot HTML, frame, example hyperlink, link.
NVDA 2021.2	Edge 94	Reading	Frame SRC URL gibberish is voiced.	One thousand two hundred and thirty four dot HTML, frame, this is an, link, example hyperlink in the target page. Out of frame.
NVDA 2021.2	Edge 94	Tabbing	Frame SRC URL gibberish is voiced.	One thousand two hundred and thirty four dot HTML, frame, example hyperlink, link.
NVDA 2020.2	Chrome 86	Reading	Frame SRC URL gibberish is voiced.	One thousand two hundred and thirty four dot HTML, frame, this is an, link, example hyperlink in the target page. Out of frame.
NVDA 2020.2	Chrome 86	Tabbing	Frame SRC URL gibberish is voiced.	One thousand two hundred and thirty four dot HTML, frame, example hyperlink, link.
NVDA 2020.2	FF 78	Reading	Frame SRC URL gibberish is voiced.	One thousand two hundred and thirty four dot HTML, frame, this is an, link, example hyperlink in the target page. Out of frame, blank.
NVDA 2020.2	FF 78	Tabbing	Silence when tab focus stops on iframe. Frame SRC URL gibberish is voiced.	Silence. One thousand two hundred and thirty four dot HTML, frame, example hyperlink, link.
NVDA 2020.2	Edge 92	Reading	Frame SRC URL gibberish is voiced.	One thousand two hundred and thirty four dot HTML, frame, example hyperlink, link.
NVDA 2020.2	Edge 92	Tabbing	Frame SRC URL gibberish is voiced.	One thousand two hundred and thirty four dot HTML, frame, example hyperlink, link.
NVDA 2019.2	Chrome 79	Reading	Frame SRC URL gibberish is voiced.	One thousand two hundred and thirty four dot HTML, frame, this is an, link, example hyperlink in the target page. Out of frame.
NVDA 2019.2	Chrome 79	Tabbing	Frame SRC URL gibberish is voiced.	One thousand two hundred and thirty four dot HTML, frame, example hyperlink, link.
NVDA 2019.2	FF 68	Reading	Frame SRC URL gibberish is voiced.	One thousand two hundred and thirty four dot HTML, frame, this is an, link, example hyperlink in the target page. Out of frame, blank.
NVDA 2019.2	FF 68	Tabbing	Silence when tab focus stops on iframe. Frame SRC URL gibberish is voiced.	Silence. One thousand two hundred and thirty four dot HTML, frame, example hyperlink, link.
NVDA 2019.2	IE11	Reading	IFRAME title ignored.	Frame, this is an, link, example hyperlink in the target page. Out of frame.
NVDA 2019.2	IE11	Tabbing	Frame SRC URL gibberish is voiced if IFRAME has a non-empty title attribute.	One thousand two hundred and thirty four dot HTML, frame, this is an, example hyperlink, link, in the target page. Example hyperlink, link.
NVDA 2018.4	Chrome 73	Reading	Frame SRC URL gibberish is voiced.	One thousand two hundred and thirty four dot HTML, frame, this is an, link, example hyperlink in the target page. Out of frame.
NVDA 2018.4	Chrome 73	Tabbing	Frame SRC URL gibberish is voiced.	One thousand two hundred and thirty four dot HTML, frame, example hyperlink, link.
NVDA 2018.4	FF 60	Reading	Frame SRC URL gibberish is voiced.	One thousand two hundred and thirty four dot HTML, frame, this is an, link, example hyperlink in the target page. Out of frame, blank.
NVDA 2018.4	FF 60	Tabbing	Silence when tab focus stops on iframe. Frame SRC URL gibberish is voiced.	Silence. One thousand two hundred and thirty four dot HTML, frame, example hyperlink, link.
NVDA 2018.4	IE11	Reading	IFRAME title ignored.	Frame, this is an, link, example hyperlink in the target page. Out of frame.
NVDA 2018.4	IE11	Tabbing	Frame SRC URL gibberish is voiced if IFRAME has a non-empty title attribute.	One thousand two hundred and thirty four dot HTML, frame, this is an, example hyperlink, link, in the target page. Example hyperlink, link.
NVDA 2017.3	FF 60	Reading		Frame, this is an, link, example hyperlink in the target page. Out of frame, blank.
NVDA 2017.3	FF 60	Tabbing	Silence when tab focus stops on iframe. Frame SRC URL gibberish is voiced.	Silence. One thousand two hundred and thirty four dot HTML, frame, example hyperlink, link. Out of frame.
NVDA 2017.3	IE11	Reading	IFRAME title ignored.	Frame, this is an, link, example hyperlink in the target page. Out of frame.
NVDA 2017.3	IE11	Tabbing	Frame SRC URL gibberish is voiced if IFRAME has a non-empty title attribute.	One thousand two hundred and thirty four dot HTML, frame, this is an, example hyperlink, link, in the target page. Example hyperlink, link. Out of frame.
NVDA 2016.2	FF 48	Reading		Iframe, this is an, link, example hyperlink in the target page. Out of iframe, blank.
NVDA 2016.2	FF 48	Tabbing	Silence when tab focus stops on iframe. Frame SRC URL gibberish is voiced.	Silence. One thousand two hundred and thirty four dot HTML, iframe, example hyperlink, link.
NVDA 2016.2	IE11	Reading	IFRAME title ignored.	Frame, this is an, link, example hyperlink in the target page. Out of frame.
NVDA 2016.2	IE11	Tabbing	Frame SRC URL gibberish is voiced if IFRAME has a non-empty title attribute.	One thousand two hundred and thirty four dot HTML, frame, this is an, example hyperlink, link, in the target page. Example hyperlink, link. Out of frame.
NVDA 2015.2	FF 40	Reading		Iframe, this is an, link, example hyperlink in the target page. Out of iframe, blank.
NVDA 2015.2	FF 40	Tabbing	Silence when tab focus stops on iframe. Focus trap on forward tabbing - only when NVDA running	Silence. Example hyperlink, link.
NVDA 2015.2	IE11	Reading	IFRAME title ignored.	Frame, this is an, link, example hyperlink in the target page. Out of frame.
NVDA 2015.2	IE11	Tabbing	Frame SRC URL gibberish is voiced if IFRAME has a non-empty title attribute.	One thousand two hundred and thirty four dot HTML, frame, this is an, example hyperlink, link, in the target page. Example hyperlink, link. Out of frame.
NVDA 2014.1	FF 28	Reading		IFrame, This is an, link, example hyperlink in the target page. Example hyperlink, link.
NVDA 2014.1	FF 28	Tabbing		IFrame. This is an, link, example hyperlink in the target page. Example hyperlink, link.
NVDA 2014.1	IE11	Reading	IFRAME title ignored.	Frame, This is an, link, example hyperlink in the target page. Out of frame.
NVDA 2014.1	IE11	Tabbing		Frame. This is an, link, example hyperlink in the target page. Example hyperlink, link.
JAWS 2023.2311.34	Chrome 120	Reading		This is an. Link example hyperlink. In the target page.
JAWS 2023.2311.34	Chrome 120	Tabbing	Reads out filename of frame.	Twelve thirty four dot HTML, frame, example hyperlink, link.
JAWS 2023.2311.34	FF 115	Reading		This is an. Link example hyperlink. In the target page.
JAWS 2023.2311.34	FF 115	Tabbing	Reads out filename of frame.	Twelve thirty four dot HTML, frame, twelve thirty four dot HTML. Example hyperlink, link.
JAWS 2023.2311.34	Edge 120	Reading		This is an. Link example hyperlink. In the target page.
JAWS 2023.2311.34	Edge 120	Tabbing	Reads out filename of frame.	Twelve thirty four dot HTML, frame, example hyperlink, link.
JAWS 2022.2207.25	Chrome 105	Reading		This is an. Link example hyperlink. In the target page.
JAWS 2022.2207.25	Chrome 105	Tabbing	Reads out filename of frame.	Twelve thirty four dot HTML, frame, example hyperlink, link.
JAWS 2022.2207.25	FF 102	Reading		This is an. Link example hyperlink. In the target page.
JAWS 2022.2207.25	FF 102	Tabbing	Reads out filename of frame.	Twelve thirty four dot HTML, frame, twelve thirty four dot HTML. Example hyperlink, link.
JAWS 2022.2207.25	Edge 105	Reading		This is an. Link example hyperlink. In the target page.
JAWS 2022.2207.25	Edge 105	Tabbing	Reads out filename of frame.	Twelve thirty four dot HTML, frame, example hyperlink, link.
JAWS 2021.2107.12	Chrome 94	Reading		This is an. Link example hyperlink. In the target page.
JAWS 2021.2107.12	Chrome 94	Tabbing	Reads out filename of frame.	Twelve thirty four dot HTML, frame, example hyperlink, link.
JAWS 2021.2107.12	FF 91	Reading		This is an. Link example hyperlink. In the target page.
JAWS 2021.2107.12	FF 91	Tabbing	Reads out filename of frame.	Twelve thirty four dot HTML, frame, twelve thirty four dot HTML. Example hyperlink, link.
JAWS 2021.2107.12	Edge 94	Reading		This is an. Link example hyperlink. In the target page.
JAWS 2021.2107.12	Edge 94	Tabbing	Reads out filename of frame.	Twelve thirty four dot HTML, frame, example hyperlink, link.
JAWS 2020.2008.24	Chrome 86	Reading		This is an, link, example hyperlink, in the target page.
JAWS 2020.2008.24	Chrome 86	Tabbing	Reads out filename of frame.	Twelve thirty four dot HTML, frame, example hyperlink, link.
JAWS 2020.2008.24	FF 78	Reading		This is an. Link example hyperlink. In the target page.
JAWS 2020.2008.24	FF 78	Tabbing	Reads out filename of frame.	Twelve thirty four dot HTML, frame, twelve thirty four dot HTML. Example hyperlink, link.
JAWS 2020.2008.24	Edge 92	Reading		This is an. Link example hyperlink. In the target page.
JAWS 2020.2008.24	Edge 92	Tabbing	Reads out filename of frame.	Twelve thirty four dot HTML, frame, example hyperlink, link.
JAWS 2019.1912.1	Chrome 79	Reading		This is an, link, example hyperlink, in the target page.
JAWS 2019.1912.1	Chrome 79	Tabbing	Reads out filename of frame.	Twelve thirty four dot HTML, frame, example hyperlink, link.
JAWS 2019.1912.1	FF 68	Reading		This is an, link, example hyperlink, in the target page.
JAWS 2019.1912.1	FF 68	Tabbing	Reads out filename of frame.	Twelve thirty four dot HTML, frame, twelve thirty four dot HTML. Example hyperlink, link.
JAWS 2019.1912.1	IE11	Reading		This is an, link example hyperlink, in the target page.
JAWS 2019.1912.1	IE11	Tabbing		Example target. Example hyperlink, link.
JAWS 2018.1811.2	Chrome 73	Reading		This is an, link, example hyperlink, in the target page.
JAWS 2018.1811.2	Chrome 73	Tabbing	Reads out filename of frame.	Tab, twelve thirty four dot HTML, frame, example hyperlink.
JAWS 2018.1811.2	FF 60	Reading		This is an, link, example hyperlink, in the target page.
JAWS 2018.1811.2	FF 60	Tabbing	Reads out filename of frame.	Tab, twelve thirty four dot HTML, frame, twelve thirty four dot HTML. Tab, example hyperlink, link.
JAWS 2018.1811.2	IE11	Reading		This is an, link example hyperlink, in the target page.
JAWS 2018.1811.2	IE11	Tabbing		Tab, example target. Tab, example hyperlink, link.
JAWS 18.0.5038	FF 52	Reading	Reads out filename of frame.	Twelve thirty four dot HTML, frame. This is an, link, example hyperlink, in the target page. Twelve thirty four dot HTML, frame end.
JAWS 18.0.5038	FF 52	Tabbing	Reads out filename of frame.	Tab, twelve thirty four dot HTML, frame, twelve thirty four dot HTML. Tab, example hyperlink, link.
JAWS 18.0.5038	IE11	Reading	Reads out title tag of frame source page.	Example target, frame. This is an, link, example hyperlink, in the target page. Example target, frame end.
JAWS 18.0.5038	IE11	Tabbing		Tab, example target, frame. Tab, example hyperlink, link.
JAWS 17.0.2619	FF 48	Reading	Reads out filename of frame.	Twelve thirty four dot HTML, frame. This is an, link, example hyperlink, in the target page. Twelve thirty four dot HTML, frame end.
JAWS 17.0.2619	FF 48	Tabbing	Reads out filename of frame.	Tab, twelve thirty four dot HTML, frame, twelve thirty four dot HTML. Tab, example hyperlink, link.
JAWS 17.0.2619	IE11	Reading	Reads out title tag of frame source page.	Example target, frame. This is an, link, example hyperlink, in the target page. Example target, frame end.
JAWS 17.0.2619	IE11	Tabbing		Example target, frame. Example hyperlink, link.
JAWS 16.0.4350	FF 40	Reading	Reads out filename of frame.	Twelve thirty four dot HTML, frame. This is an, link, example hyperlink, in the target page. Twelve thirty four dot HTML, frame end.
JAWS 16.0.4350	FF 40	Tabbing	Reads out filename of frame.	Tab, twelve thirty four dot HTML, frame, this is an. Tab, example hyperlink, link.
JAWS 16.0.4350	IE11	Reading	Reads out title tag of frame source page.	Example target, frame. This is an, link, example hyperlink, in the target page. Example target, frame end.
JAWS 16.0.4350	IE11	Tabbing		Example target, frame. Example hyperlink, link.
JAWS 15.0.9023	FF 29	Reading	Reads out filename of frame.	Twelve thirty four dot HTML, frame. This is an, link, example hyperlink, in the target page. Twelve thirty four dot HTML, frame end.
JAWS 15.0.9023	FF 29	Tabbing	Reads out filename of frame.	Twelve thirty four dot HTML, frame. This is an. Example hyperlink, link.
JAWS 15.0.9023	IE11	Reading	Reads out title tag of frame source page.	Example target, frame. This is an, link, example hyperlink, in the target page. Example target, frame end.
JAWS 15.0.9023	IE11	Tabbing		Example target, frame. Example hyperlink, link.
JAWS 14.0.9002	FF 29	Reading	Reads out filename of frame.	Twelve thirty four dot HTML, frame. This is an, link, example hyperlink, in the target page. Twelve thirty four dot HTML, frame end.
JAWS 14.0.9002	FF 29	Tabbing	Reads out filename of frame.	Twelve thirty four dot HTML, frame. This is an. Example hyperlink, link.
JAWS 14.0.9002	IE11	Reading	Reads out title tag of frame source page.	Example target, frame. This is an, link, example hyperlink, in the target page. Example target, frame end.
JAWS 14.0.9002	IE11	Tabbing		Example target, frame. Example hyperlink, link.
JAWS 13.0.852	FF 29	Reading	Reads out filename of frame.	Twelve thirty four dot HTML, frame. This is an, link, example hyperlink, in the target page. Twelve thirty four dot HTML, frame end.
JAWS 13.0.852	FF 29	Tabbing	Frame filename gibberish spoken twice.	Twelve thirty four dot HTML, frame. Twelve thirty four dot HTML, frame. Example hyperlink, link.
JAWS 13.0.852	IE11	Reading	Reads out title tag of frame source page.	Example target, frame. This is an, link, example hyperlink, in the target page.
JAWS 13.0.852	IE11	Tabbing		Example target, frame. Example hyperlink, link.
WindowEyes 9.2	IE11	Reading	IFRAME title ignored.	This is an. Link, example hyperlink. In the. Target. Page.
WindowEyes 9.2	IE11	Tabbing	Reads out filename gibberish for frame name.	Frame, twelve thirty four dot HTML. Link, example hyperlink
WindowEyes 8.4	IE11	Reading	Reads out filename gibberish for frame name.	Twelve thirty four dot HTML iframe. This is an, link, example hyperlink, in the target page. End frame.
WindowEyes 8.4	IE11	Tabbing		Link, example hyperlink
VoiceOver macOS 13.6	Safari 16.6	Reading	Meaningless frame title read out.	One thousand two hundred and thirty four HTML, frame
VoiceOver macOS 13.6	Safari 16.6	Tabbing	Meaningless frame title read out.	Entering one thousand, two hundred and thirty four HTML frame. Link, example hyperlink. Leaving one thousand, two hundred and thirty four HTML.
VoiceOver macOS 12.5	Safari 15.6	Reading	Meaningless frame title read out.	One thousand two hundred and thirty four HTML, frame
VoiceOver macOS 12.5	Safari 15.6	Tabbing	Meaningless frame title read out.	Entering one thousand, two hundred and thirty four HTML frame. Link, example hyperlink. Leaving one thousand, two hundred and thirty four HTML.
VoiceOver macOS 11.5	Safari 15.0	Reading	Meaningless frame title read out.	One thousand two hundred and thirty four HTML, frame
VoiceOver macOS 11.5	Safari 15.0	Tabbing	Meaningless frame title read out.	Entering one thousand, two hundred and thirty four HTML frame. Link, example hyperlink. Leaving one thousand, two hundred and thirty four HTML.
VoiceOver macOS 10.15	Safari 14.1	Reading	Meaningless frame title read out.	One thousand two hundred and thirty four HTML, frame
VoiceOver macOS 10.15	Safari 14.1	Tabbing	Meaningless frame title read out.	Entering one thousand, two hundred and thirty four HTML frame. Link, example hyperlink. Leaving one thousand, two hundred and thirty four HTML.
VoiceOver macOS 10.14	Safari 13.0	Reading	Meaningless frame title read out.	One thousand two hundred and thirty four HTML, frame
VoiceOver macOS 10.14	Safari 13.0	Tabbing		Link, example hyperlink
VoiceOver macOS 10.13	Safari 12.1	Reading	Meaningless frame title read out.	One thousand two hundred and thirty four HTML, frame
VoiceOver macOS 10.13	Safari 12.1	Tabbing		Link, example hyperlink
VoiceOver macOS 10.12	Safari 10.1.2	Reading	Meaningless frame title read out.	One two three four HTML frame
VoiceOver macOS 10.12	Safari 10.1.2	Tabbing		Link, example hyperlink
VoiceOver macOS 10.11	Safari 9.1.2	Reading	Meaningless frame title read out.	One two three four HTML frame
VoiceOver macOS 10.11	Safari 9.1.2	Tabbing		Link, example hyperlink
VoiceOver macOS 10.10	Safari 8.0.6	Reading	Meaningless frame title read out.	One two three four HTML frame
VoiceOver macOS 10.10	Safari 8.0.6	Tabbing		Link, example hyperlink
VoiceOver macOS 10.9	Safari 7.0.3	Reading	Meaningless frame title read out.	One two three four HTML frame
VoiceOver macOS 10.9	Safari 7.0.3	Tabbing		Leaving frame link, example hyperlink
VoiceOver iOS 16.6	Safari iOS 16.6	Touch		This is an. Example hyperlink, link. In the target page.
VoiceOver iOS 15.6	Safari iOS 15.6	Touch		This is an. Example hyperlink, link. In the target page.
VoiceOver iOS 14.7	Safari iOS 14.7	Touch		This is an. Example hyperlink, link. In the target page.
VoiceOver iOS 13.3	Safari iOS 13.3	Touch		This is an. Example hyperlink, link. In the target page.
VoiceOver iOS 12.4	Safari iOS 12.4	Touch		This is an. Example hyperlink, link. In the target page.
VoiceOver iOS 11.4	Safari iOS 11.4	Touch		This is an. Example hyperlink, link. In the target page.
VoiceOver iOS 10.3	Safari iOS 10.3	Touch		This is an. Example hyperlink, link. In the target page.
VoiceOver iOS 9.1	Safari iOS 9.1	Touch		This is an, example hyperlink, link, in the target page.
VoiceOver iOS 8.4	Safari iOS 8.4	Touch		This is an, example hyperlink, link, in the target page.
VoiceOver iOS 7.1	Safari iOS 7.1	Touch		This is an, example hyperlink, link, in the target page.
Dolphin SR 15.05	IE11	Reading		Frame, normal, this is an. Example hyperlink, link. In the target page
Dolphin SR 15.05	IE11	Tabbing		Frame, example hyperlink, link
SaToGo 3.4.96.0	IE11	Reading		This is an, link, example hyperlink in the target page
SaToGo 3.4.96.0	IE11	Tabbing		Example hyperlink, link

SortSite rules: AccHtmlFrameTitleFilename

Test notes

All tests were carried out with screen reader factory settings. JAWS in particular has a wide variety of settings controlling exactly what gets spoken.

Screen readers allow users to interact in different modes, and can produce very different results in each mode. The modes used in these tests are:

• Reading Content read using the “read next” command in a screen reader
• Tabbing Content read using the “tab” key in a screen reader
• Heading Content read using the “next heading” key in a screen reader
• Touch Content read when touching an area of screen on a mobile device

In the “What the user hears” column:

• Commas represent short pauses in screen reader voicing
• Full Stops represent places where voicing stops, and the “read next” or “tab” or “next heading” command is pressed again
• Ellipsis … represent a long pause in voicing
• (Brackets) represent voicing that requires a keystroke to hear